PRINCIPLE STATEMENT

Courts must balance two principles: litigants' right to employ counsel of their choice, and the prohibition against counsel accepting briefs where services flow from or are closely connected with previous services rendered to the opposing side.

RATIO DECIDENDI (SOURCE)

Per Ogundare, JSC, quoting Sir Ademola CJN in Onigbongbo Community v. Minister of Lagos Affairs & Ors, in Anatogu & Ors v. H.R.H. Igwe Iweka II & Ors (1995) NLC-1921991(SC) at pp. 36-37; Paras A--C.
"It is of course clear that every case must be considered on its own facts. There are, however, broader principles which the courts must observe in cases of this kind. On the one hand, the courts are not to prevent litigants from employing the services of counsel of their own choice; on the other hand, a person must not be allowed to employ the services of counsel, nor should counsel accept a brief, where it is clear that the services to be rendered flow out of or are closely connected with the previous services he had rendered to the opposing side..."
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EXPLANATION / SCOPE

Conflict of interest arises when counsel’s current representation flows from or closely connects with prior services to the opposing party. Courts balance competing interests: clients’ right to choose counsel versus protecting confidential information and maintaining professional integrity. Restraining counsel is appropriate when: (1) counsel previously advised the opponent on the same matter; (2) current services involve confidential information obtained from prior representation; (3) the matters are substantially related. Mere prior representation on unrelated matters doesn’t create conflict. Each case requires fact-specific analysis weighing the connection between representations, confidentiality concerns, and client choice. The principle protects both professional ethics and parties’ legitimate interests while respecting counsel selection rights.

CASES APPLYING THIS PRINCIPLE