LEGAL PRINCIPLE: CIVIL PROCEDURE – Joinder of Parties – Purpose of Joinder
PRINCIPLE STATEMENT
The purpose of joining a particular person as a party is to ensure that that person is bound by the result of the action; that is the only way in which the fundamental questions in the action can be effectually and completely settled or determined.
RATIO DECIDENDI (SOURCE)
"The purpose of joining a particular person as a party is to ensure that that person is bound by the result of the action. That is the only way in which the fundamental questions in the action can be effectually and completely settled or determined."
EXPLANATION / SCOPE
This reinforces Principles 261 and 262 on party joinder. Joinder serves one primary purpose: binding persons to the judgment so disputes can be completely resolved. Without joinder of necessary persons: they’re not bound by judgment, the dispute remains incomplete, and further litigation may be needed. “Effectually and completely settled” means: all affected persons are bound, no loose ends remain, and the judgment fully resolves the controversy. Joinder is necessary when: the person’s absence prevents complete relief, their rights would be affected by judgment, or multiple proceedings would result without joinder. The principle guides joinder decisions: would this person’s absence prevent complete settlement? would they be affected by the judgment? Courts should join: necessary parties (essential for complete relief), and proper parties (should be present for convenience/efficiency). But not: unnecessary parties (whose presence adds nothing to complete resolution). This functional approach ensures joinder serves its purpose—binding all necessary persons to enable complete dispute resolution in single proceedings.