Conspiracy is rarely proved by direct evidence but by circumstantial evidence and inference from proved acts; care must be taken to keep the issues clear when…

Circumstantial evidence must lead to one and only one conclusion—the guilt of the accused; the facts must be consistent, cogent, and irresistibly lead to guilt.

It is for the plaintiff who bases his claim on exclusive right to land to aver and prove such exclusive right.

A judgment is not bad because the judge did not set out seriatim his reasons on each specific complaint; a judgment is flawed only if a…

A plaintiff must show a prima facie case before the need to consider the defendant's case arises; this is a pre-test, and the case is then…

The Supreme Court will not interfere with concurrent findings of fact unless exceptional circumstances are shown; it is not exceptional that another court might have reached…

Failure by a trial court to properly evaluate the evidence before it is a ground for appellate intervention.

A composite plan that incorporates two other plans sufficiently establishes the identity of the land in dispute; a careful examination would reveal that the composite plan…

Where findings not appealed against support it, the proper order is not dismissal of the appeal but setting aside the judgment and ordering a trial de…

Where the trial court's reasons for preferring one party's evidence over another's are found to be faulty, the proper order is to send the case back…

Service of a writ or process is a condition precedent to the exercise of jurisdiction; failure to serve renders the trial a nullity, and the affected…

A court has inherent power to set aside its own order or judgment that is a complete nullity, such as one made without service of process…