An accused person who alleges that a confessional statement attributed to him was not voluntary is a competent witness in the trial within a trial; his…

The fact that the appellant was called upon to testify before the prosecution, though irregular, was not prejudicial to the fair trial of the issue and…

Where the appellant was the last person to be seen in the deceased's company and circumstantial evidence is overwhelming and leads to no other conclusion, it…

In a joint enterprise, it does not matter in law who did what; what is important is the common purpose.

The secrecy with which criminals perpetrate crime has deprived the prosecution of eyewitnesses in some cases; hence confession alone, even without corroboration, can support a conviction…

The retraction of a confessional statement does not necessarily make the confession inadmissible.

A free and voluntary confession, if direct and positive, duly made and satisfactorily proved, is sufficient to ground a conviction; however, it is desirable to have…

When an accused contends that a confessional statement was not made voluntarily, the judge must conduct a trial within a trial to determine voluntariness; failure to…

If the proceedings in the trial court are a nullity, the proceedings in the appellate court based on that trial are equally a nullity.

The jurisdiction of courts can only be ousted on specific grounds: improper constitution, lack of subject-matter jurisdiction, or failure to comply with conditions precedent; non-compliance with…

Where the principal claim is wrongful termination of appointment, all claims—principal and subsidiary—flowing directly from it are incompetent under the Fundamental Rights Rules and ought to…

When the main or principal claim in an application is not the enforcement or securing of a fundamental right, the court has no jurisdiction to entertain…