Ratio Decidendi

Per Rhodes-Vivour, JSC, in Contract Resource Nig. Ltd & Anor v. UBA Plc (2011) NLC-123-292-2003(SC) at p. 6; Paras D—E:

"An artificial entity cannot argue an appeal personally. The right of audience for such an entity is limited to counsel instructed on the corporation's behalf."

Explanation / Scope

This principle establishes that an artificial entity cannot argue an appeal personally; its right of audience is limited to instructed counsel. The principle applies where corporations are parties. It ensures that corporations are represented by counsel. The principle reflects the requirement for legal representation. It prevents artificial entities from arguing personally. The court must require counsel. The principle provides guidance on right of audience.

Cases Applying This Principle