LEGAL PRINCIPLE: CIVIL PROCEDURE – Injunctions – Completed Acts – Court Does Not Grant Injunctions in Respect of Completed Acts

Courts do not grant injunctions against completed acts. Injunction is a preventive, not curative, remedy. It restrains future or continuing acts, not acts already done. Once an act is completed, there is nothing to restrain. The appropriate remedy for a completed wrong is damages or other relief, not injunction. The principle prevents misuse of injunctive relief. The applicant must show an ongoing or threatened violation. A completed act cannot be undone by injunction. The court will not issue a futile order. If the act is complete and cannot be undone, injunction serves no purpose. The remedy must match the nature of the wrong. Injunction looks forward, not backward.