Principle

CIVIL PROCEDURE — Pleadings — Parties Are Bound by Their Pleadings and Evidence Must Be Confined Thereto

Area of law
CIVIL PROCEDURE
Court
Supreme Court

Parties are bound by their pleadings and must lead evidence only on pleaded facts. Unpleaded facts cannot support evidence. The principle applies to civil procedure. The trial court may reject evidence on unpleaded matters. The rule ensures fair notice and prevents surprise. A party cannot…

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