LEGAL PRINCIPLE: EVIDENCE LAW — Admissibility of Evidence — Non-Registration under Land Instruments Registration Law
PRINCIPLE STATEMENT
No instrument shall be pleaded or given in evidence in any court as affecting any land unless the same shall be registered.
RATIO DECIDENDI (SOURCE)
Per Ogwuegbu, JSC Itauma v. Akpe-Ime (2000) NLC-231995(SC) at p. 18; Paras. D–E.
"No instrument shall be pleaded or given in evidence in any court as affecting any land unless the same shall be registered."
EXPLANATION / SCOPE
This principle enforces the mandatory registration requirement for land instruments under relevant Registration Laws. Any document affecting land—such as deeds of conveyance, mortgages, or leases—must be registered to be admissible in evidence or even pleaded in court. Failure to register renders the instrument inadmissible, regardless of its authenticity or execution. The rule aims to protect the integrity of land transactions, ensure public notice, and prevent fraudulent dealings. Courts cannot admit unregistered instruments as proof of title or interest in land.