Principle

EVIDENCE LAW — Documentary Evidence — Parol Evidence Rule — Exclusion of Extrinsic Evidence to Vary Written Contract — Section 132(1) of Evidence Act

Area of law
EVIDENCE LAW
Court
Supreme Court

The parol evidence rule excludes extrinsic evidence to vary written contracts. The written document is the sole evidence of the agreement. The principle applies to all written instruments. The rule ensures certainty and prevents fraud. Exceptions include evidence of custom, usage, or collateral agreements. The…

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