Principle Archive

A man may be convicted on his own confession alone; there is no law against it. A free and voluntary confession that is direct, positive, and…

The approach to assessing a confessional statement asks: (i) Is there anything outside the confession showing it may be true? (ii) Is it corroborated? (iii) Are…

When two or more persons form a common intention to prosecute an unlawful purpose in conjunction, and in the prosecution of such purpose an offence is…

Medical evidence is not always essential though desirable to prove cause of death, but the evidence must in any case be such as to show that…

A party relying on a previous judgment as creating estoppel per rem judicatam must show that (1) the parties in the two cases were the same,…

Since the parties failed woefully to establish estoppel per rem judicatam premised on exhibits, both courts below were right to hold that the said exhibits were…

Where an appeal proceeds from concurrent judgment, the appellant must show that the courts below were clearly wrong in law or in the application of law…

Once the constitution of autonomous communities is accepted by government under relevant law, it can only be amended by government after the community has passed a…

Ordinarily, the Supreme Court will not interfere with concurrent findings of fact made by two lower courts. But where those findings are based on a wrong…

Where a document is not signed, it may not be admitted in evidence. Even if it is admitted, the court should not attach any probative value…

A court can only act upon evidence that is legally admissible. It cannot, and has no discretion to, admit and act upon evidence which is legally…

From the foregoing, it is evident that the negotiations between the parties had not crystallised into a binding contract, and a fortiori, there could have been…