Composite grounds of appeal that embed particulars of errors within the ground are acceptable and will not be struck out as incompetent, as long as the…

The Supreme Court will not interfere with concurrent findings of fact by two lower courts unless those findings are perverse, unsupported by evidence, reached by wrong…

Making an order not sought by any party without hearing the parties on its desirability may result in injustice; the court must hear parties before making…

An appellate court may raise points suo motu in exceptional circumstances, but must give parties the opportunity to address the court before making a decision on…

An appellate court ought not to make orders affecting the respondents' interest without hearing from the parties, especially when such orders were not sought.

It is not satisfactory to determine an appeal on a single issue without considering other issues raised; justice is better served by remitting the appeal for…

An appellate court cannot allow an appeal that was never before it; where an appeal has been withdrawn, the court has no jurisdiction to determine it.

A claim under a lawful contract will not fail by reason of illegality in another contract if the plaintiff can establish his case without reference to…

To establish a breach of contract for failure to remit funds, the plaintiff does not need to allege and prove a contract with a third party;…

Section 417 of CAMA does not prohibit a company from proceeding with an action against another person; it prohibits, subject to leave of court, proceeding with…

A defendant relying on illegality as a defence must specifically plead the statute contravened and the facts constituting the illegality; a cardinal rule of pleading is…

A stranger to an alleged illegal transaction will not normally be allowed to raise a defence of illegality founded on a transaction to which he is…