Legal Principles – Nigerian LawCompass

Criminal Law Important

CRIMINAL LAW – Murder – Proof of Ingredients – Intentional Act with Knowledge of Consequences

"The prosecution in order to establish this case of murder beyond reasonable doubt against the appellant adduced evidence: (i) that the deceased had died; (ii) that the death of the...

Criminal Law Important

CRIMINAL LAW – Confessional Statements – Retracted Confession – Whether a Retracted Confession Remains Admissible and Sufficient to Ground Conviction

"A confessional statement, so long as it is free and voluntary and it is direct, positive and properly proved, is enough to sustain a conviction. The court should not, however,...

Criminal Law Important

CRIMINAL LAW – Confessional Statements – Tests for Determining Veracity of Confession – Applicability of Ridley’s Tests

"The test for determining the veracity or otherwise of a confessional statement is to seek any other evidence, be it slight, of circumstances which make it probable that the confession...

Criminal Law Important

CRIMINAL LAW – Common Intention – Section 8 of the Criminal Code – Requirements for Establishing Liability under Section 8

"A close analysis of section 8 of the Criminal Code Law discloses the following requirements or preconditions that must be established before a conviction based thereunder may be sustained. These...

Criminal Law Important

CRIMINAL LAW – Murder – Proof of Ingredients – Intentional Act with Knowledge of Consequences

CRIMINAL LAW – Confessional Statements – Retracted Confession – Whether a Retracted Confession Remains Admissible and Sufficient to Ground Conviction

CRIMINAL LAW – Confessional Statements – Tests for Determining Veracity of Confession – Applicability of Ridley’s Tests

CRIMINAL LAW – Common Intention – Section 8 of the Criminal Code – Requirements for Establishing Liability under Section 8

CRIMINAL LAW – Common Intention – Inference from Circumstances – Whether Express Agreement Required

CRIMINAL LAW – Common Intention – Armed Gang – Liability for Acts of Co-Offenders

CRIMINAL LAW – Common Intention – Distinction Between Common Intention and Common Object

CRIMINAL LAW – Common Intention – Recovery of Stolen Goods Armed with Gun – Whether Murder Probable Consequence

CRIMINAL LAW – Common Intention – Whether Escaping Lawful Arrest Part of Common Design

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE – Confessional Statements – Confirmation Before Superior Police Officer – Whether Mandatory

CRIMINAL PROCEDURE – Confessional Statements – Objection to Voluntariness – When Objection Must Be Raised

CRIMINAL LAW – Duty of Prosecution – Calling of Material Witnesses